During the last 50 years, it has been shown that abiotic stresses particularly waterlogging and drought has influenced plant growth and crop production greatly, particularly soybean and crop yields have evidently stagnated or decreased in economically important crops, where only high inputs assure high yields. The recent manifesting effects of climate change are considered to have aggravated the negative effects of abiotic stresses on plant productivity. On the other hand, the complexity of plant mechanisms controlling important traits and the limited availability of germplasm for tolerance to certain stresses have restricted genetic advances in major crops for increased yields or for improved other traits. New genomic technologies promise to make progress for breeding tolerance to these two stresses through a more fundamental understanding of underlying processes and identification of the genes responsible. Cultural methods including partial tillage and adjustment of the water table also effectively mitigate damage caused by abiotic stress. Integration of these approaches should lead to stable crop production. Aim of this review paper is exhibit the plant responses to the waterlogging and drought stresses.